Thomas Hobbes And John Locke s Theory Of Social Contract...

In this essay, I argue contemporary social contract theory extends itself beyond politics and into philosophy, religion, and literature. I begin by defining social contract theory and explaining the different perspectives of English philosophers, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. From there, I will introduce Dostoyevsky’s work, Grand Inquisitor, and conduct an analysis of the relationships between the Grand Inquisitor and his subjects as well as Jesus and his followers. Using textual evidence and uncontroversial interpretations of the authors’ works, I will draw parallels between the Grand Inquisitor’s relationship with his subjects to Thomas Hobbes’ vision of social contract theory. Similarly, I will draw parallels between Jesus’ relationship†¦show more content†¦These varying â€Å"states of nature† inspired philosophers to develop warrant-based claims about the limiting or broad scope of such a social contract. As explained by Thomas Hobbes, in Leviathan, the Social Contract is derived from an original condition of war. Hobbes writes, â€Å"The condition of man (as hath been declared in the precedent chapter) is a condition of war of every one against every one, in which case everyone is governed by his own reason†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Leviathan, XIV, p. 80). From this, we understand that, according to Hobbes, man is not a social animal when prompted with a boundlessly free society. With this claim, Hobbes counters Aristotle (see Politics), arguing instead for a perpetual societal condition of war. The need to control the evil, malicious, and irrational masses becomes the major theme for Leviathan; a goal of which Hobbes accomplishes through the advocacy of absolute monarchy and social contracts. Contrarily, John Locke presents a more positive worldview concerning the natural human condition and social contract theory. In his work Second Treatise of Government, Locke writes, â€Å"Being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions† (Second Treatise of Government, II). Here, Locke establishes that people in their natural state (â€Å"all equal and independent†) shall refrain from interfering with another individuals’ natural rights (life,Show MoreRelatedThomas Hobbes And John Locke1346 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Contracts Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were two English political philosophers, who have had a lasting impact on modern political science. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both spent much of their lives attempting to identify the best form of government. Locke and Hobbes were among the most prominent of theorists when it came to social contract and human rights. A Social Contract is an agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, areRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes1287 Words   |  6 Pageshumankind and their rights. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes were both political philosophers who developed theories about how the government should work. They set up their theories around The Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. Although John Locke and Thomas Hobbes had a similar goal, their beliefs and opinions were definitely not the same. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes both believed in the Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. They both developed and worked their theories and philosophies aroundRead MoreThe Social Contract Theories Of Thomas Hobbes And John Locke1210 Words   |  5 PagesMahogany Mills Professor: Dr. Arnold Political Philosophy 4 February 2015 Compare and contrast the social contract theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke In the beginning of time, there was no government to regulate man. This caused a burden on society and these hardships had to be conquered, which is when a social contract was developed. The social contract theory is a model that addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over an individualRead MoreEssay On John Locke And Thomas Hobbes1076 Words   |  5 Pages John Locke and Thomas Hobbes John Locke and Thomas Hobbes, two English Enlightenment philosophers, were both very influential politically and philosophically despite having almost opposite beliefs. While each individually influenced later documents and events such as the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution, they had an equally big impact in history. Today, everyone recognizes natural rights and the modern system of government uses social contracts every day. Thomas HobbesRead MoreEssay on What is the Function of a Social Contract?1637 Words   |  7 PagesFunction of a Social Contract? Philosophers have been concerned with the theories of a social contract for thousands of years. Plato mentions the concept in Crito and in Republic. These theories have stemmed from the concept of justice and for our society to be just. I will look at the works of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau and finally with John Rawls after which a overall view into the function of a social contract can be derived as well as any problems with the theory(s). TheRead MoreSocial Contract Theory On The Origin Of State1110 Words   |  5 PagesSOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY Introduction: The social contract theory is one of the oldest theories on the origin of state. This theory came into existence as a reaction against the divine origin theory. The term ‘social’ is something which is connected with the society, while ‘contract’ means an agreement between two or more people. Thus a term of political theory, ‘social contract’ implies an agreement that makes society possible .this theory holds that the state is the voluntary and deliberate agreementRead MoreThe Function of a Social Contract1676 Words   |  7 PagesFunction of a Social Contract? Philosophers have been concerned with the theories of a social contract for thousands of years. Plato mentions the concept in Crito and in Republic. These theories have stemmed from the concept of justice and for our society to be just. I will look at the works of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau and finally with John Rawls after which a overall view into the function of a social contract can be derived as well as any problems with the theory(s). The basicRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1659 Words   |  7 Pagesto by a majority. The following pages show how modern social contract theory especially that of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, grew into the divisive issue it is in contemporary political philosophy. Modern social contract theory can trace its roots to prominent thinkers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. It is their thoughts on social contracts that lie at the center of the many spheres we are a part of. For Hobbes and Locke, social contract theory sought to analyze the relationship between rulers andRead MoreThe Social Contract Theory Since The United States1449 Words   |  6 PagesFor this discussion, I am keen to discuss the Social Contract theory since I see this fundamental theory still directly affects today s politics in the United States as well as around the world. Contemporary study of neoliberalism and neo-conservatism as in the analysis of Wendy Brown (2006) or of political deliberation and deliberative democracy in the writing of Simone Chambers (2009) is a dynamic consequences of that basic concepts of democracy from the past. During its development, democracyRead MoreThe American Constitution And The Bill Of Rights1463 Words   |  6 Pagesand thoughts of the philosophes, specifically John Locke. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both English philosophers,influential thinkers of the seventeenth century, both had confidence in a Social Contract and they both distributed books that were generally perused. Thomas Hobbes talked about and built up the social contract hypothesis through his book Leviathan. The social contract hypothesis was later bolstered and translated encourage by John Locke. This hypothesis which was essential to the

Silent Crying And Tears Never Given A Thought - 1213 Words

Silent screams and tears: Never given a thought ` I feel sorry for never reporting the domestic abuse to the police. Rape, violence, confinement, threats with weapons, death threats, stealing and destruction of property. I think he would be in jail for a long time if I had reported him. But I think it s too late. There is no proof other than the little bit of pain left in my heart from the years I wasted with a monster, caged in an abusive relationship.† (Jeanne) Jeanne wasted her five years of broken-winged life with a monster. She doesn’t remember the first time he hurt her. All she shares is cries and screams of pain. Every day, we see images or hear about violence against women in the news, on TV shows, in the movies and in our homes and workplaces. But, have we ever thought of any steps to prevent it? I doubt as everybody around is just happy in their own wonderful wacky world. It is a common problem for women of all ages, races, and classes as violence against women is a global problem. Recent global prevalence figures indicate that 35% of women worldwide have experienced either intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence in their lifetime.( http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs239/en/ ) Rape, battering, sexual harassment, financial and emotional abuse are acceptable to those who commit these forms of violence. Violence can also strike women in the form of stalking, sexual assault, human trafficking, forced marriage and domestic/physical abuse.Show MoreRelatedWhat I Had For Granted Essay860 Words   |  4 PagesFor a very long time, I took what I had for granted. I thought everything and everyone I loved in my life would be in my possession for eternity, unknowing of how cruel the world can be. The world is a mean and nasty place, and it will beat you down as long as you let it. Nothing is worse than losing someone who you love and cherish more than anything in the world. â€Å"I’ve lost everything.† I had told myself the day my grandmother passed away. I was halfway through with cutting the grass, just finishingRead MoreGraduation Day1385 Words   |  6 Pagesbetter get inside before the ceremony starts.† As minutes pass by my anxiety begins to hit critical mass. Thousands of screaming families here in attendance to celebrate a moment of accomplishment with their newly graduates. Cheering, screaming, and crying create a sort of indistinct noise that just felt numb. Hundreds of balloons displaying messages of congratulations float in attendance as banners lined the stadium helping to substitute the roar of the crowd. Center stage, the sight of a solid blueRead MoreThe Effects Of Dehumanization In Night Before The War By Elie Wiesel904 Words   |  4 PagesDehumanization, although a concrete historical fact, is not a given destiny but the result of an unjust order that engenders violence in the oppressors, which in turn dehumanizes the oppressed† (Paulo Freire). No is born violent or racist. It is only when something unjust happens, that a person feels the need to dehumanize the oppressed or themselves, even. Elie Wiesel is a perfect example of someone who experiences this deh umanization, and bears the effects of it. In his memoir Night, beforeRead MoreAn Analysis Of My Mothers Face By Brenda Serotte1085 Words   |  5 Pagesbeing distraught and has a lot going through her mind. 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I never saw my father very shocked liked thatRead MoreAssassin - Original Writing Essays715 Words   |  3 PagesAssassin - Original Writing A drop of blood rolled down his hand; that bright colour red did not manage to bring about any emotions. He cast a thought back to his childhood when he fell over and grazed his knee, the sight of blood made him wild. He was weak. Now he was as cold as a stone and after taking so many lives, after seeing waterfalls of red gushing out of his victims. The assassin was standing on a building crouching so that he would not be seen. He wasRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1488 Words   |  6 Pagesthe person people really loved passed away in an accident, they will not believe at the beginning, which means they store their tears and wait until they admit their love one’s death. Mrs. Mallard weeps to show that she is actually accepting the death of her husband, but she could not express the joy of obtaining her freedom, because of the restrictions society has been given to her. â€Å"If immediately after learning of the death of her husband Louise had gone through a rapid logical process leading toRead MoreBusiness Presentation Of My Young Career1461 Words   |  6 Pagesother; who has a new bag, who brown bags it, who got a haircut, if someone is late or on vacation. We know all of this about each other without ever saying a word. In fact, we don’t even look at one another. I share my mornings with anonymous friends I never talk to. There I stood, on the train platform above the buzzing street traffic, waiting. I showed off my new winter coat. Beneath I wore the smartest black and red suit made solely for my body. 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Humans, such as yourself, drop by time to time and we talk to them,Emerald explained. Amelia looked at her in amazement. Emerald flew back giggling. â€Å"Wanna play a game?†Emerald asked motioning Amelia to follow her. â€Å"Yup

The Birth of Venus Free Essays

The Birth of Venus by Sandra Botanical Visual Elements * Line * The main type of lines that are used in the Birth of Venus are mostly actual lines. The way they are used by the artist is to form specific shapes to tell a story about the goddess Venus. There are a few implied lines are used to create the ocean as to which Venus emerges from, as well as the waves in her hair to show that it has movement. We will write a custom essay sample on The Birth of Venus or any similar topic only for you Order Now The actual lines are used to create the shapes of the nature and the angels and mother figure that surround Venus. Shape * Mass * Space * Time and Motion Botanical implies time and motion have occurred with the way the figures are slightly angled towards each other. Venus’ hair is drawn so that it looks like it is blowing in the wind as she has emerged from the water, while the woman that is standing on land waiting for her is leaning towards her as to cover her with the cloth that she is holding and her feet are positioned so it shows that she is walking. The Angels are drawn to show that they are flying towards the goddess as if to welcome her. * Light * Color * The colors that are used were used to create a calming sensation when you coked at the painting. Botanical used mostly blues and greens which create calming nature of the artwork. He painted the ocean a blue green which is more muted than the bright blues you may see in other paintings when it comes to corners. Venus’ hair is a golden color which reflects the light that is used in the painting which makes it a brighter color than the sky in the background which is darker. * Texture Principles of Design * Unity and Vanity * Balance * Emphasis and Subordination * Directional Forces * Contrast * Repetition and Rhythm * Scale and Proportion How to cite The Birth of Venus, Papers The Birth Of Venus Free Essays The Birth of Venus is a painting familiar especially to those who know about mythology. Sandra Poetical wanted to show the birth of Venus one of the Greek gods in his own point of view. He demonstrates this by how he painted Venus and whom he painted in the drawing with Venus. We will write a custom essay sample on The Birth Of Venus or any similar topic only for you Order Now He also shows it by the type of media he used and what he painted it on. For this painting, he had used tempera on canvas. His inspiration for painting Venus came about during the Renaissance era. It is one of the first non-biblical female nudes in Italian art (Birth of Venus). Poetical was influenced to paint Venus from reading Homer’s Scripts. In particular, one of homer’s scripts was about how Crocus had clashed with his father Uranus. During the clash, Crocus emasculates Uranus and because he had done Venus is born. In this work, he shows Venus coming of a shell nude covering her body in a modest way. It would signify not only her birth to a new world but also show humanism. The background of the painting shows the ocean which is how she was able to be born in the first place (Botulism’s Birth of Venus). Also, he includes Zephyr’s, the god of the wind and he is shown holding on to a nymph named Colorist. The wind signifies a guidance so it would make sense to why Zephyr’s is in the painting since he leading Venus. Furthermore, he also includes Pomona the goddess of the spring she awaits Venus with a mantle which is blowing in the wind from Zephyr’s. It shows how Pomona is welcoming the new goddess. Moreover, he painted Venus in such a beautiful way that it shows that he had studied the subject of the painting. It demonstrates that Poetical had thoroughly thought over about how he would want to present Venus. Thus, Poetical had shown many symbols in his painting that corresponds to Homer’s work. How to cite The Birth Of Venus, Papers

Reforms in the Australian Education Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Choose any Industry and Discuss the reforms done or needed in that Industry. Answer: Introduction For this research essay, I would like to choose the education industry of Australia as a research industry. The Australian education industry is a fast growing industry in the world. Along with this, there can be seen continuous development in the education industry of the nation. The international education sector of nation improves the economic as well as social life of the people of nation. The education industry of Australia has grown enormously in recent years. Most of the scholars and students prefer to do their studies into the Australian schools, universities, and institutions. The numbers of students are increasing on the regular basis. The government of the nation develops effective programs and strategies for the growth and expansion of the Australian education industry all over the world. Moreover, the government focuses on the recent trends that are essential for the fast growth of the industry. In the same manner, this research essay would be advantageous to demonstrate the reforms or trends that have done within the Australian education industry. Furthermore, this essay would also be valuable to recommend some reforms or trends that can be beneficial for the future growth as well as success of the education industry of Australia. Reforms in the Australian Education Industry Australia adopts and implements a flexible as well as highly developed education system. The education system of Australia produces an inventive and creative workforce across the nation. Along with this, the key area of growth of the Australian education industry is to give education services to overseas students mainly. Moreover, the education industry plays a major role in the growth of the tourism industry of nation (Noonan and Pilcher, 2015). According to the ABS data, the education industry of Australia alone generates $17.6 billion as revenues. It is expected that the revenues will expand around $20 billion by 2020. Furthermore, statistics show that there is continuing prospective for the growth of the Australian education industry. The below graph is useful to portray a regular increase in the numbers of students only in education industry of Australia. On the other hand, there are numerous reforms/trends/changes behind the growth of the Australian education industry. The major reform that has occurred within the industry is the adoption and implementation of VET (Vocational Education and Training) system. With the help of this, the government wants to develop skills and provide training that is essential for the overall development of the students (Billett, 2004). Moreover, the key objective behind this system is to make the student strong both personally and professionally. This is considered the biggest reform within the industry. It is because of this reform not only creates career growth opportunities for students; but also improves the economy and prosperity of nation in an effective and an appropriate manner. In addition to this, the other major reform that has done by the government is related to fee structure to encourage more and more students towards education. According to this reform, there can be seen a fee deregulation to promote higher education within nation. In the budget of May, the government stated that it would deregulate college fees and would reduce university course funding by twenty percent only to expand funding to private colleges and students as well (Aspland, 2006). With the help of this reform, students who are suffering from poverty and unable to pay their fees would be able to get higher education. Consequently, it can be seen a major reform within the Australian education industry. In the same manner, the implementation of digital technologies can also be seen another major reform in the education industry of Australia. It is because of the digital technologies reduces the costs to the students. Now, they can join distance education or distance learning programs to complete their studies at any place. Along with this, with the help of the internet and technologies, employed people can do their studies continuously. They do not to join schools, colleges, and universities to complete their education (Caldwell, 2011). Moreover, people who are suffering from poverty can do jobs with their education. As a consequence, this can be considered a radical and innovative reform within the education industry of Australia. On the other hand, the Australian education industry timely implements innovative business models for the growth and expansion of the industry at the global level. It emphasizes on the concept of global mobility to create opportunities for students and academics. Moreover, the integration of education industry with other industries is another major reform of the Australian education industry. With the help of this integration, students will get suitable jobs after the completion of their studies (Daley, 2012). So, the education industry of Australia fully dedicated towards its local and international students. It adopts and implements new trends or reforms for the career growth of the scholars. The main motive of the Australian education industry is to make students strong in all the areas of their lives. Apart from this, there are some major reforms that are still required within the industry. For case, the major reform is related to the visa application process of students. The government of nation should make this process very simple; so students can get higher education properly. Moreover, the government of nation should provide scholarships to financial weak students; so they may fulfill their dreams related to the education (Noonan and Pilcher, 2015). In this way, these reforms would be able to fulfill the goals and objectives of students that are related to the higher education properly. Conclusion On the basis of the above discussion, it can be assumed that, the Australian education industry is more dynamic and innovation as compare to other industries. The education sector of nation is fully helpful to capture the growth opportunities related to career. Along with this, it is also observed that, the Australian education industry is fully aware about the recent trends that take place around the world. The industry implements these trends for the growth and expansion of the industry in the international marketplace. Finally, the Australian education industry can be considered fast emergent industry in the world References Aspland, T. (2006). Changing patterns of teacher education in Australia. Education Research and Perspectives, 33(2), pp.140-163. Billett, S. (2004). From your business to our business: Industry and vocational education in Australia. Oxford review of education, 30(1), pp.13-35. Caldwell, B.J. (2011). Educational Reform and Change in Australia. Available At: https://www.eduhk.hk/apclc/roundtable2011/paper/Brian%20J.Caldwell.pdf [Accessed On: 2nd May, 2017] Daley, J. (2012). THE GAME-CHANGERS. Entrepreneur-Irvine, pp.1-76. Noonan, P. and Pilcher, S. (2015). Financing tertiary education in Australia-the reform imperative and rethinking student entitlements: Issues paper. Available At: https://vuir.vu.edu.au/27402/1/Financing-tertiary-education-in-Australia-the-reform-imperative-and-rethinking-student-entitlements-issues-paper_20150225.pdf [Accessed On: 2nd May, 2017]